Economic pressures, high cost of constructing conventional water treatment plants and/or water pollution control facilities, high energy prices and high labor costs worldwide are the main reasons for the engineers and environmentalists to search for alternatives and for unconventional methods and facilities for water pollution control. A well-designed, managed, operated and maintained constructed wetland can perform better than natural wetlands and can perform many of the functions of conventional wastewater treatment systems. They are mainly cost effective mechanisms in construction and operation compare to conventional wastewater treatment mechanisms. For designing a constructed wetland engineers rely on the performance expectation of the system and starting the design with the required effluent quality. To design a Constructed Wetland System in arid region, take an area in central Qatar as an example, influent data, climatic and soil information and data are required. With inflow volume of 950 m3/day and BOD of 130 mg/l to be reduced to 20 mg/l outflow, calculations for a constructed wetland in a climate of central Qatar concluded to a required cross sectional area of 198 m2 and surface area of 1.81 and 0.36 hectares in winter and summer respectively, and the volume of the outflow is calculated to be 810.44 m3/day and 869.33 m3/day in summer and winter respectively.

Full text: IJEIR_1095_Final.pdf